Comparing Operational Approaches (Spectrophotometric, Electroanalytic and Chromatographic) to Quantify the Concentration of Emerging Contaminants - The Limit of Detection, the Uncertainty of Measurement, Applicability and Open Problems

At a Glance

Metadata	Details
Publication Date	2025-06-14
Journal	Coatings
Authors	Manuela Oliveira, Jorge Leandro Aquino de Queiroz, Danyelle Medeiros de Araújo, Mayra Kerolly Sales Monteiro, Karen Giovanna Duarte Magalhães
Institutions	Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels

Abstract

In this study, a boron-doped diamond (BDD) sensor was used to study the electroanalytical behavior of emerging contaminants (ECs), such as caffeine, paracetamol and methyl orange. BDD shows strong resolving power for the superimposed voltammetric response of ECs in well-resolved peaks with increased peak current. Differential pulse voltammetry, which is an electroanalytical technique, was compared with two reference techniques including absorption spectrophotometry in the UV-vis region and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the detection and quantification of ECs. The results obtained were satisfactory, as the complete removal of ECs was achieved in all applied processes. The detection limits were 0.69 mg L−1, 0.84 mg L−1 and 0.46 mg L−1 for CAF, PAR and MO, respectively. The comparison of electroanalysis results with those obtained by UV-vis and HPLC established and confirmed the potential applicability of the technique for determining CAF, PAR and MO analytes in synthetic effluents and environmental water samples (tap water, groundwater and lagoon water). The electrochemical approach can therefore be highlighted for its low consumption of reagents, ease of operation, time of analysis and excellent precision and accuracy, because these are characteristics that enable the use of this technique as another means of determining analytes in effluents.

Tech Support

Original Source

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings15060719

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