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6CCVD Research

Modeling of Heat Transfer in an Aluminum X-Ray Anode Employing a Chemical Vapor Deposited Diamond Heat Spreader

At a Glance

Section titled ā€œAt a Glanceā€
MetadataDetails
Publication Date2018-08-09
JournalJournal of Heat Transfer
AuthorsDavid J. Stupple, Victor Kemp, Matthew Oldfield, John F. Watts, Mark Baker
InstitutionsEast Sussex County Council, University of Surrey
Citations10

Abstract

Section titled ā€œAbstractā€

X-ray sources are used for both scientific instrumentation and inspection applications. In X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), aluminum KĪ± X-rays are generated through electron beam irradiation of a copper-based X-ray anode incorporating a thin surface layer of aluminum. The maximum power operation of the X-ray anode is limited by the relatively low melting point of the aluminum. Hence, optimization of the materials and design of the X-ray anode to transfer heat away from the aluminum thin film is key to maximizing performance. Finite element analysis (FEA) has been employed to model the heat transfer of a water-cooled copper-based X-ray anode with and without the use of a chemical vapor deposited (CVD) diamond heat spreader. The modeling approach was to construct a representative baseline model, and then to vary different parameters systematically, solving for a steady-state thermal condition, and observing the effect on the maximum temperature attained. The model indicates that a CVD diamond heat spreader (with isotropic thermal properties) brazed into the copper body reduces the maximum temperature in the 4 Ī¼m aluminum layer from 613 Ā°C to 301 Ā°C. Introducing realistic anisotropy and inhomogeneity in the thermal conductivity (TC) of the CVD diamond has no significant effect on heat transfer if the aluminum film is on the CVD diamond growth face (with the highest TC). However, if the aluminum layer is on the CVD diamond nucleation face (with the lowest TC), the maximum temperature is 575 Ā°C. Implications for anode design are discussed.

Tech Support

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Original Source

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References

Section titled ā€œReferencesā€
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  2. 1998 - Report on a Second Round Robin Measurement of the Thermal Conductivity of CVD Diamond [Crossref]
  3. 1994 - Temperature Distributions in a Heat Dissipation System Using a Cylindrical Diamond Heat Spreader on a Copper Heat Sink [Crossref]
  4. **** - Finite Element Analysis of X-Ray Targets
  5. 2003 - Analysis and Simulation of Anode Heating Due to Electron Field Emission [Crossref]
  6. 2003 - Heat Transfer and Residual Stress Modeling of a Diamond Film Heat Sink for High Power Laser Diodes [Crossref]
  7. 2016 - CALCULIX
  8. 2005 - Lasers and Laser-Related Equipment. Test Methods for Laser Beam Widths, Divergence Angles and Beam Propagation Ratios. Part 1: Stigmatic and Simple Astigmatic Beams
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  10. 1972 - Structure Modification by Ion Bombardment During Deposition [Crossref]

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