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6CCVD Research

Direct determination of paraquat herbicide by square-wave voltammetry by two-step transfer mechanism at heterogeneous boron-doped carbon nanowall electrodes

At a Glance

Section titled ā€œAt a Glanceā€
MetadataDetails
Publication Date2023-10-20
JournalDiamond and Related Materials
AuthorsSourav Sain, Mateusz Ficek, Adrian Olejnik, Mirosław Sawczak, Robert Bogdanowicz
InstitutionsShiv Nadar University, Institute of Fluid Flow-Machinery
Citations10

Abstract

Section titled ā€œAbstractā€

Boron-doped carbon nanowalls (B:CNW) versus boron-doped diamond (BDD) materials were investigated for the effective electrochemical detection of highly toxic herbicide paraquat (PQ). Depending on the surface morphology and functional groups of BDD and B:CNWs, the electrochemical absorption and detection of the target analyte PQ revealed different detection mechanisms. The surface absorption mechanism was mainly observed for BDD, while for B:CNWs, both surficial and edge absorption were observed due to the sharp edges of carbon nanowalls. This effectually drives the high heterogenous electron transfer kinetics at absorption sites. Detection of PQ was carried out in phosphate buffer solution with an optimized pH of 10 and parameters of the square-wave voltammetry. Comparative studies show more voltammetric current peak heights for B:CNWs (~90.5 Ī¼A) than BDD (~7.5 Ī¼A) at a much lower PQ concentration of 4 Ī¼M. B:CNWs show a higher sensitivity of 11 Ī¼A/Ī¼M/cm2 than BDD of 2.23 Ī¼A/Ī¼M/cm2, hence BDD shows a LOD of 1.8 Ī¼M, whereas B:CNWs have a much lower LOD of 0.47 Ī¼M. Density functional theory calculations (DFT) show a higher propensity of the B:CNW models toward electrocatalytic reduction of the PQ. Moreover, the proposed two-step detection mechanism is strongly supported by the distribution of the PQ electrostatic potential in different oxidationstates in conjunction with the slab surfaces. The higher the sensitivity, the lower the LOD, and the excellent performance of B:CNWs in the detection of PQ in real water samples also suggests its potential for use in the environmental monitoring and assessment of emerging pollutants.

Tech Support

Section titled ā€œTech Supportā€

Original Source

Section titled ā€œOriginal Sourceā€

References

Section titled ā€œReferencesā€
  1. 2005 - Determination of 266 pesticide residues in apple juice by matrix solid-phase dispersion and gas chromatography-mass selective detection [Crossref]
  2. 2013 - A review on environmental exposure and health risks of herbicide paraquat [Crossref]
  3. 2004 - Paraquat and sustainable agriculture [Crossref]
  4. 2020 - Electrochemical sensors for improved detection of paraquat in food samples: a review [Crossref]
  5. 2007 - Electrochemical studies and square wave voltammetry of paraquat at natural phosphate modified carbon paste electrode [Crossref]
  6. 2016 - Electrochemical determination of paraquat in potato, lemon, orange and natural water samples using sensitive-rich clay carbon electrode [Crossref]
  7. 2005 - Rapid analysis method for paraquat and diquat in the serum using ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography [Crossref]
  8. 2017 - Magnetic solid-phase extraction using Fe 3 O 4@ SiO 2 magnetic nanoparticles followed by UV-vis spectrometry for determination of paraquat in plasma and urine samples
  9. 2023 - 3D electrochemical device obtained by additive manufacturing for sequential determination of paraquat and carbendazim in food samples [Crossref]

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