Skip to content

Concurrent sensing of vector magnetic field based on diamond nitrogen-vacancy ensemble using a time-divided hardware-synchronized protocol

MetadataDetails
Publication Date2024-09-01
JournalReview of Scientific Instruments
AuthorsYunpeng Zhai, Luheng Cheng, Yumeng Song, Jiajun Li, Zhiyang Yu
InstitutionsZhejiang University, China Jiliang University

A diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) ensemble has been developed as a vector magnetometry platform for sensing external time-varying magnetic fields. However, due to the complexity of manipulating electron spins along different directions, a current vector NV magnetometer often needs a large amount of supporting equipment, preventing its applications in a compact circumstance. Here, we develop a hardware-level protocol to realize a multi-axis NV magnetometer using only a single channel of microwave generation and signal detection resources. This mechanism is to monitor each resonance serialized in a sequence and measure the electron-spin frequency shifts concurrently in real time. The functionality is realized by a home-made control system with an on-chip direct digital synthesis generator and signal processor. We finally achieve a vector sensitivity of around 14 nT/Hz on four different axes at the same time. We also analyze the phase delay of the sensing signal between different axes induced by the protocol. This protocol is compatible with other schemes to further improve the performance, such as hyperfine driving, balanced detection, and high-efficiency photon collection methods.

  1. 2020 - Microwave-free vector magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy centers along a single axis in diamond [Crossref]
  2. 2023 - A portable application type magnetometer based on diamond NV centers [Crossref]
  3. 2014 - Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond: Nanoscale sensors for physics and biology [Crossref]
  4. 2023 - Quantum sensors for biomedical applications [Crossref]
  5. 2018 - High-resolution magnetic resonance spectroscopy using a solid-state spin sensor [Crossref]
  6. 2018 - Mapping the microscale origins of magnetic resonance image contrast with subcellular diamond magnetometry [Crossref]
  7. 2016 - Optical magnetic detection of single-neuron action potentials using quantum defects in diamond [Crossref]
  8. 2019 - Nanoscale magnetic imaging of ferritins in a single cell [Crossref]
  9. 2019 - Fluxgate three-component magnetometers for cost-effective ground, UAV and airborne magnetic surveys for industrial and academic geoscience applications and comparison with current industrial standards through case studies [Crossref]
  10. 2013 - High-precision nanoscale temperature sensing using single defects in diamond [Crossref]