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6CCVD Research

Electrochemical detection of procaine hydrochloride anesthetic using diamond-graphene composite electrodes

At a Glance

Section titled ā€œAt a Glanceā€
MetadataDetails
Publication Date2025-02-17
JournalAlexandria Engineering Journal
AuthorsGuangke Wang, Guanghui Leng, Juan Cao

Abstract

Section titled ā€œAbstractā€

This research presents a new electrochemical sensor that can detect procaine hydrochloride and p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) at the same time. The sensor is based on a diamond-graphene composite electrode modified with MWCNTs. The sensor was fabricated through an innovative sp3-to-sp2 conversion process and optimized MWCNT loading. Electrochemical characterization revealed enhanced electron transfer kinetics and a 3-fold increase in peak currents compared to bare diamond electrodes. The sensor exhibited wide linear ranges (0.1-100 Ī¼M for procaine, 0.05-80 Ī¼M for PABA) and low detection limits (30 nM and 15 nM, respectively). Excellent selectivity was achieved with < 5 % interference from most common substances. The method demonstrated high reproducibility (RSD <3.2 %) and long-term stability (>95 % signal retention after 30 days). Analysis of spiked human plasma samples yielded recoveries of 97.2-103.5 % (RSD <4.5 %). Application to pharmaceutical formulations showed agreement with labeled amounts (98.5-101.2 % recovery) and detected 0.031 % PABA in a topical cream. This sensor offers a simple, sensitive, and reliable approach for procaine and PABA determination in complex matrices, outperforming many existing methods in terms of sensitivity and simultaneous detection capabilities.

Tech Support

Section titled ā€œTech Supportā€

Original Source

Section titled ā€œOriginal Sourceā€

References

Section titled ā€œReferencesā€
  1. 2023 - Electrocatalytic barium-oxide decorated MWCNT amperometric sensor for the quantification of anesthetic drug Procaine [Crossref]
  2. 2021 - Electrochemically modulated SERS detection of procaine using FTO electrodes modified with silver-decorated carbon nanosphere [Crossref]
  3. 2023 - FeS2 nanosheets-H2O2-NaHCO3 chemiluminescence method for procaine hydrochloride determination [Crossref]
  4. 2020 - Sensitive SERS detection and characterization of procaine in aqueous media by reduced gold nanoparticles [Crossref]
  5. 2021 - Procaine-the controversial geroprotector candidate: new insights regarding its molecular and cellular effects [Crossref]
  6. 2021 - Determination of related impurities in a new active pharmaceutical ingredient - Sodium 4,4ā€²-(propanediamido)dibenzoate [Crossref]
  7. 2023 - Understanding the retention mechanisms of a reversed-phase/anion exchange/cation-exchange column for the separation of epinephrine and norepinephrine [Crossref]
  8. 2020 - Benzocaine: review on a drug with unfold potential, mini reviews
  9. 2022 - Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel procaine derivatives for intravenous anesthesia [Crossref]
  10. 2020 - Anaphylaxis to lidocaine and cross-reactivity to articaine and prilocaine with tolerance to bupivacaine [Crossref]

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