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Comparison of microhardness and micromorphology of enamel following a fissurotomy procedure using three different laser systems - An in vitro study

At a Glance

Section titled ā€œAt a Glanceā€
MetadataDetails
Publication Date2016-01-01
JournalJournal of Dental Lasers
AuthorsR Pavithra, P Sugavanesh, G Lalithambigai, T Arunkulandaivelu, PD Madan Kumar
InstitutionsRagas Dental College & Hospital, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre
Citations7

Abstract

Section titled ā€œAbstractā€

Aim: To compare the microhardness and microstructural changes induced in pits and fissure following a fissurotomy procedure using three different light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (LASER) systems. Materials and Methods: Thirty caries free premolars, extracted atraumatically for orthodontic treatment were included in the study. Using a diamond low-speed disc, enamel blocks containing the pits and fissure were cut from the tooth and divided into three groups containing 10 samples in each (G1 - diode, G2 - carbon dioxide [CO 2 ], and G3 - erbium). The enamel blocks were mounted using self-cure acrylic resin and irradiated using the three LASER systems at lower energy densities. Post irradiation, the microhardness of enamel in the pit and fissure region was measured using Vickers microhardness test. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was done to check the microstructural changes of the lased enamel. Data obtained were subjected to Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and ANOVA with statistical significance set at P ā‰¤ 0.05. Results: All three groups showed an increase in microhardness when compared to the value taken as control (control - 209.6, diode - 237.56 Ā± 19.27, CO 2 -294.92 Ā± 29.38, erbium - 264.39 Ā± 11.83). ANOVA test revealed a highly significant (P = 0.001) difference between the means of the three groups. Tukey post-hoc analysis showed that CO 2 LASER showed a higher increase in microhardness followed by erbium and diode LASER. Conclusion: This study revealed that the increase in microhardness and microstructural changes obtained with CO 2 LASER was higher than the other two LASER systems. Furthermore, diode LASER can be used as a viable option for fissurotomy procedure as it improves the hardness of enamel, with a homogenous sealing effect of the pits and fissure.

Tech Support

Section titled ā€œTech Supportā€

Original Source

Section titled ā€œOriginal Sourceā€

References

Section titled ā€œReferencesā€
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  2. 2000 - Treating oclusal pit and fissure surfaces by IR laser irradiation
  3. 2002 - Pit and fissure sealant: Review of the literature
  4. 1998 - Sealants and preventive restorations: Review of effectiveness and clinical changes for improvement
  5. 2012 - Effect of diode laser on enamel fissure system: Morphological and microhardness analysis
  6. 1972 - Lased enamel: Ultrastructural observations of pulsed carbon dioxide laser effects
  7. 2006 - Optimal Er: YAG laser energy for preventing enamel demineralization
  8. 2005 - Effect of Er: YAG laser on enamel acid resistance: Morphological and atomic spectrometry analysis
  9. 2013 - Influence of laser irradiation on pits and fissures: An in situ study

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