Experimental study on the principle of minimal work fluctuations
At a Glance
Section titled āAt a Glanceā| Metadata | Details |
|---|---|
| Publication Date | 2023-10-23 |
| Journal | Physical review. A/Physical review, A |
| Authors | Wei Cheng, Wenquan Liu, Yang Wu, Zhibo Niu, ChangāKui Duan |
| Institutions | National University of Singapore, Tianjin University |
| Citations | 5 |
Abstract
Section titled āAbstractāThe central quantity in the celebrated quantum Jarzynski equality is ${e}^{\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\beta}W}$, where $W$ is work and $\ensuremath{\beta}$ is the inverse temperature. The impact of quantum randomness on the fluctuations of ${e}^{\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\beta}W}$ and hence on the predictive power of the Jarzynski estimator is an important problem. Working on a single nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond and riding on an implementation of the two-point measurement of nonequilibrium work with single-shot readouts, we have conducted a direct experimental investigation of the relationship between the fluctuations of ${e}^{\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\beta}W}$ and adiabaticity of nonequilibrium work protocols. It is observed that adiabatic processes minimize the variance of ${e}^{\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\beta}W}$, thus verifying an early theoretical concept, the so-called principle of minimal work fluctuations. Furthermore, it is experimentally demonstrated that shortcuts-to-adiabaticity control can be exploited to minimize the variance of ${e}^{\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\beta}W}$ in fast work protocols. Our work should stimulate further experimental studies of quantum effects on the bias and error in the estimates of free-energy differences based on the Jarzynski equality.
Tech Support
Section titled āTech SupportāOriginal Source
Section titled āOriginal SourceāReferences
Section titled āReferencesā- 2018 - Thermodynamics in the Quantum Regime