Skip to content
6CCVD Research

Enhanced electrochemical ozone production via sp2 carbon content optimization in boron doped diamond electrodes using laser micromachining

At a Glance

Section titled ā€œAt a Glanceā€
MetadataDetails
Publication Date2024-05-21
JournalCarbon
AuthorsJoshua J. Tully, Irina M. Terrero RodrĆ­guez, Manisa Kaewsen, Georgia Wood, Daniel Houghton
InstitutionsEngineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Element Six (United Kingdom)
Citations5

Abstract

Section titled ā€œAbstractā€

The role and bonding arrangement of deliberately added sp2 carbon in maximising the current efficiency, output and longevity of boron doped diamond (BDD) electrodes for electrochemical dissolved ozone generation is elucidated. We show, using a zero-gap cell (ZGC) arrangement, how systematically increasing sp2 carbon results in increased ozone concentration and current efficiency. sp2 carbon addition is made using nanosecond pulse laser micromachining which converts BDD to sp2 carbon. Two ZGC geometries are investigated which incorporate a Nafion membrane sandwiched between two BDD electrodes. Through-holes are integrated into either the membrane or the BDD, the latter using laser micromachining which also converts the hole walls to sp2 carbon. Increasing the number of through-holes (or changing hole geometry) increases the sp2 carbon content of the electrode (from 5-100%). For the planar electrode, the proportion of the surface which is laser micromachined controls the sp2 carbon content (from 4-100%). sp2 carbon content %ā€˜s are significantly higher than is possible using diamond growth. sp2 carbon contents >40% and >60% for the planar and perforated BDD electrodes, respectively, are found to be particularly effective, allowing electrode designs to be proposed for optimised ZGC ozone generation. Importantly, the sp2 carbon introduced via laser micromachining is shown to be extremely stable over 20 hr (anode potential āˆ¼ 10 V) in contrast to glassy carbon, which corrodes within 10 mins. Whilst both are 100% sp2 carbon, the laser-machined surface is amorphous whereas the glassy carbon contains disorganised graphitic layers. This work also highlights the intriguing stability of amorphous sp2 carbon towards high oxidative potentials.

Tech Support

Section titled ā€œTech Supportā€

Original Source

Section titled ā€œOriginal Sourceā€

References

Section titled ā€œReferencesā€
  1. 2013 - The electrochemical generation of ozone: a review [Crossref]
  2. 1956 - Mechanism of ozone formation in the silent electric discharge [Crossref]
  3. 1981 - Uses of ozone in drinking water treatment [Crossref]
  4. 2008 - Electrochemical ozone production as an environmentally friendly technology for water treatment
  5. 2003 - Electrochemical ozone production: influence of the supporting electrolyte on kinetics and current efficiency [Crossref]
  6. 2012 - Effects of NaCl and Na2SO4 cathode electrolytes on electrochemical ozone production [Crossref]
  7. 1987 - Ozone and oxygen evolution on PbO2 electrodes in acid solution [Crossref]
  8. 2005 - Improving characteristics of ozone water production with multilayer electrodes and operating conditions in a polymer electrolyte water electrolysis cell [Crossref]
  9. 2017 - Capillary effect-enabled water electrolysis for enhanced electrochemical ozone production by using bulk porous electrode [Crossref]

Reads Similar to This

Development of an Array of Compound Refractive Lenses for Sub-Pixel Resolution, Large Field of View, and Time-Saving in Scanning Hard X-ray Microscopy Impact of Barium cationic mixing on Cadmium and Strontium oxalate crystals Diamond-based field sensor for nEDM experiment