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6CCVD Research

Doping optimization of charge state stability for shallow nitrogen-vacancy center ensembles in HPHT diamonds

At a Glance

Section titled ā€œAt a Glanceā€
MetadataDetails
Publication Date2025-06-16
JournalApplied Physics Letters
AuthorsQin Wu, Die Fang, Yu Ma, Yi Zhu, Xiaoli Dai
InstitutionsIllinois Institute of Technology, Hefei University of Technology

Abstract

Section titled ā€œAbstractā€

Since nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have emerged as crucial quantum sensors in physics and biology, the massive preparation of high-quality and high-concentration shallow NV center samples has become urgent and demanding. As NV centers approach the surface and their concentration increases, charge state instability can degrade coherence and introduce additional noise. This problem is further complicated in high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) diamonds due to the presence of unclear impurities and inhomogeneous strain. Through optically detected magnetic resonance testing on various implanted samples, we analyzed the spin and charge state properties of shallow NV center ensembles. Our results reveal that the doping dose significantly influences the quantity of NVāˆ’, charge, and charge stability. Our findings indicate that over-implanting nitrogen as electron donors before starting graphitization helps stabilize the charge environment of the shallow NV center ensembles. By controlling the nitrogen ion implantation dose, we optimized charge state stability under photoionization and prepared high-quality NV center ensemble samples in HPHT diamonds at the optimal implantation dose range of 2Ɨ1013-8Ɨ1013 ions/cm2. This method, which relies solely on nitrogen ion implantation and annealing on HPHT diamond, significantly reduces the cost of sensor samples, greatly benefiting the promotion of quantum sensing.

Tech Support

Section titled ā€œTech Supportā€

Original Source

Section titled ā€œOriginal Sourceā€

References

Section titled ā€œReferencesā€
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  4. 2024 - Hybrid quantum sensing in diamond [Crossref]
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  6. 2013 - Nanometre-scale thermometry in a living cell [Crossref]
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